جزوه زبان تخصصی رشته علوم سیاسی

ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ :

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فصل اول لغات و اصطلاحات تخصصی علوم سیاسی

فصل دوم ترجمه متون تخصصی علوم سیاسی

نتیجه گیری

لغات و اصطلاحات مهم 

مجموعه سؤالات زبان تخصصی علوم  سیاسی و روابط بین الملل 

پاسخنامه

مجموعه تست

پاسخنامه 

منابع 

 

قسمتی از متن جزوه :

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فصل اول لغات و اصطلاحات تخصصی علوم سیاسی  
1. خلاص هي کتاب 
International Relation Dictionary 
(Plano) 
ماهیت و نقش سیاست خارجی 
1. Balance of Power: قدرت موازنه 
  
The theory of Balance of Power has certain key aspects that have been agreed upon  
throughout the literature on the subject. First of all, the main objective of states,  
according to the Balance of Power theory is to secure their own safety, consistent with  
political realism or the realist world-view. Secondly, states reach an equilibrium because  
of this objective of self-preservation. States, by trying to avoid the dominance of one  
particular state, will ally themselves with other states until an equilibrium is reached.  
نظریهي موازنه قدرت، برخی جنبههاي کلیدي دارد که در سراسـر تـاریخ ادبیـات ایـن موضـوع، دربـارهي آن بـه توافـق رسیدهاند. نخست اینکه، بر اساس نظریه موازنه قدرت، مطابق واقعگرایی سیاسی یا جهانبینی واقعگرایانـه، هـدف اصـلی دولتها تضمین امنیت خود است. و دیگر آنکه، دولتها به دلیل هدف تأمین بقا به تعادل میرسند. دولتها، ضمن تلاش 
براي جلوگیري از تسلط یک دولت خاص خود را با سایر دولتها متحد میکنند تا زمانی که تعادل حاصل شود.  
2. Bipolarity: 
نظام دوقطبی  
Bipolarity is a distribution of power in which two states have the majority of economic,  
military, and cultural influence internationally or regionally. Often, spheres of influence  
would develop. Rigid bipolarity characterized the balance of power system that emerged  
after World War II. For example, in the Cold War, most Western and democratic states « 
  
would fall under the influence of the USA, while most Communist states would fall  
under the influence of the USSR. 
دوقطبی، نوعی توزیع قدرت است که در آن دو کشور در سطح بینالمللـی و منطقـهاي داراي اکثریـت نفـوذ اقتصـادي، نظامی و فرهنگی هستند. اغلب، حوزههاي نفوذ توسعه مییابند. دوقطبی انعطافناپذیر مشخصـهي نظـام تعـادل قـدرتی است که پس از جنگ جهانی دوم پدیدار گشت. براي مثال: در جنگ سرد، بیشتر کشورهاي غربـی و دموکراتیـک تحـت نفوذ ایالات متحده بودند، در حالی که بیشتر کشورهاي کمونیستی تحت سیطرهي اتحاد جماهیر شوروي قرار داشتند.  
3. Polycentrism: 
نظام چندقطبی  
Since 1960s, the rigidity of the bipolar model has tended to be moderated by the impact of  
growing polycentrism. The return to polycentrism has meant the breakdown of U.S. and  
Soviet domination of international politics within a bipolar system. Polycentrism means  
that an increasing number of states are able to make independent decisions that affect the  
level of tension in the word.  
از دههي 1960، انعطافناپذیريِ الگوي دوقطبی، تحت تأثیر رشد نظام چندقطبی، رو به سوي تعـدیل تمایـل پیـدا کـرد.  
بازگشت به نظام چندقطبی به معناي شکست استیلاي سیاستهاي بینالمللی ایالات متحده و اتحاد جماهیر شـوروي در 
چارچوب نظام تکقطبی بود. نظام چندقطبی به معناي این است که شمارِ فزایندهي کشورها قادرند تصـمیمات مسـتقلی را اتخاذ کنند که سطح تنش در روابط بینالملل را تحت تأثیر قرار . دهد  
4. Foreign Office: 
وزارت خارجه  
The foreign office of any state is the vehicle through which the bulk of relations with  
other countries is conducted.  
وزات خارجهي هر کشور، سازمان واسطی است که بخش عمدهي مناسبات با سایر کشورها را هدایت می . کند 
  
5. Foreign Policy: 
سیاست خارجی  
A country's foreign policy, called the international relations policy, consists of strategies  
chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve its goals in  
international relations.  
سیاست خارجی کشور، که سیاست روابط بینالملل نامیده میشود، متشکل از استراتژيهایی اسـت کـه از سـوي دولـت 
براي حفاظت از منافع ملّی خود و براي رسیدن به اهداف خود در روابط بینالملل انتخاب شد . 
 لغات و اصطلاحات کاربردي علوم سیاسی  
Tripartite power (Bodies/ Branch) Or Three Fold Power: گانه سه قواي 
The Executive Power: مجریه قوه  
The Legislative Power: مقننه قوه  
 قوه یقضا یه :The Judiciary Power 
ئر یس قوه مجریه (رئیس جمهور) :President 
 ئر یس قوه مقننه (رئیس مجلس) :Parliament Speaker 
 ئر یس قوه قضاییه :Judiciary Chief 
The Legislative Power: 
قوه مقننه 
مجلس :Parliament 
 دو مجلسی :Bicameral 
US: congress: کنگره  
UK: House of Common: عوام مجلس « 84» زبان تخصصی 
  
 مجلس سنا :US: Senate 
UK: House of Lords: اعیان مجلس  
Iran: Islamic consultative assembly: اسلامی شوراي مجلس 
Iran: (GC) the Guardians Council: نگهبان شوراي  
GC (the Guardians Council): نگهبان شوراي  
 دبیر شوراي نگهبان :GC Secretary 
 رئیس شوراي نگهبان :GC Chairman 
 ناظر :Watchdog 
 ناظر :Supervisor 
مجمع تشخیص مصلحت نظام :The (state) expediency Council 
Assembly of the Experts: خبرگان مجلس  
The Supreme Council of National Security: یّمل امنیت عالی شوراي  
UCO (Unity Consolidation Office): وحدت تحکیم دفتر  
 ائتلاف :Coalition 
IRGC: Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps: اسلامی انقلاب پاسداران سپاه 
The Late Founder of the Islamic Revolution: خمینی امام 
The Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution: انقلاب معظم رهبر  
 رئیس مجلس :Speaker 
 نایب رئیس مجلس :Vice-speaker 
MP (Member of Parliament): مجلس نماینده 
Law maker: قانونگذار  
 نماینده، عضو کنگره :(Congressman/ woman (US 
 نماینده :Deputy 
نماینده (فلان شهر) مجلس :Representative of …
 
مجموعه سؤالات زبان تخصصی علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل  
Dictatorship is a form of government in witch a person or group possesses absolute  
power without effective constitutional limitations. The term dictatorship is derived from  
the Latin title 'dictator', designating a magistrate who is given extraordinary powers for a  
limited period in an emergency. The length of this dictator's rule was usually no more  
than six months, and he was to promote public order or guarantee military security in a  
situation of great social disturbance. At the conclusion of the stipulated period, the  
'dictator' would relinquish his power and the former from of government would be  
restored.  
١. According to the passage, dictators  
١. Can not remain in power for a long time.  
٢. Can lengthen their ruler ship as long as required  
٣. Are absolute needs if security is to be guaranteed  
٤. Have the legal right to found a permanent government  

٢. A magistrate is an official who….  
١. Acts as a judge in the lowest courts  
٢. Helps military attaches in charge of an army.  
٣. Helps the ousted governments regain power  
٤. Acts as an acting president for a short period  

٣. After the time needed to promote public order or to guarantee social security,  
the dictator……..  
١. Should give up his grip on power  
٢. Must present his cabinet to the parliament  
٣. Should hand over the power to a new government  

  
An ideology begins with the belief that can be better than they are – it is basically a plan  
to improve society. An ideology is a verbal image of the good society, and of the chief  
means of constructing such a society. Followers of a given ideology argue that if their  
plan is followed, things will be much better than they are at present. Political ideologies  
then are not calm, rational attempts to understand political system. They rather,  
commitments to change political systems  
٤. The passage implies that when a political system is dominant, political  
ideologies…..  
١. try to reconstruct it  
٢. attempt to consolidate it  
٣. try to destabilize it for whatever the reason is  
٤. target it and try to improve it for social betterment  

٥. The pronoun they refers to …..  
١. attempts  
٢. followers  
٣. political ideologies  
٤. political systems  

٦. ……. Violence is aimed at overthrowing or replacing an existing region.  
١. separatists ٢. coups  
٣. primordial ٤. revolutionary  

٧. This term refers to any large – scale organization of appointed officials whose  
primary function is to implement the policies of the decision makers.  
١. civil service ٢. government  
٣. bureaucracy ٤. union  

٨. This term is the ability of a given leader to win obedience.  
١. obligation ٢. weapon  
٣. authority ٤. power  

٩. The ………. Is the first hurdle in building a nation.  
١. political crisis ٢. legitimacy crisis  
٣. distribution crisis ٤. identity crisis «260» زبان تخصصی 
  
١٠. The number of national actors is international politics has….  
١. decreased ٢. increased  
٣. redoubled ٤. raised 
پاسخنامه  
  
(3) گزینه -5 (4) گزینه -4 (1) گزینه -3 (1) گزینه -2 (1) گزینه -1 
(2) گزینه -10 (4) گزینه -9 (3) گزینه -8 (3) گزینه -7 (2) گزینه -6